Trench drain

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Types
There are four common types of trench drains which are based on forming or installation method. These are cast-in-place, pre-cast concrete, liner systems and former systems.
Cast in place
This is the original standard for trench drain systems. Here, a concrete trench is formed in the ground using wood forms, reinforcing bar and manual labor. It involves several steps:
Building a wooden mold that will ultimately form the channel for the trench drain;
Attaching a set of metal frames to the top edge of the form (which will hold the trench grating);
Suspending the form inside the trough (and flush with the surface elevation), such that there is space (6" or more) below and to each side of the form;
Attaching the drainage pipes to the suspended form;
Filling the trench with concrete (surrounding the form base and sides) and finishing the concrete flush with the metal frame;
And after drying, removing the wooden form, cleaning the pipe inverts and placing the grates in the frame.
This installation method is by far the most labor-intensive. In addition, material costs is a function of the width of the grate used in the trench.
Former systems
This installation method is the logical successor to the cast-in-place method. The former system gives a cast-in-place product without the hassle of making the form. Rather than wood, the forms are made of lightweight expanded polystyrene (EPS) or cardboard. The forms attach to a prefabricated frame and grate system that can then be easily set in the trough and aligned for the pouring of concrete. And, like the cast-in-place method, the form is removed after the concrete has dried. The real savings with the former method is in time required for making and setting the form. The efficiency of the former system helps speed up the installation thus reducing labor costs.
Pre-cast concrete
Trench drains are made in a factory that specializes in making concrete shapes. The channel pieces range is width and length, larger channels requiring heavy equipment to move them however most channels can be picked up and moved easily by hand. The channels are formed in a large metal forms that (usually) have a pre-determined channel width, depth, and slope. Like in the cast-in-place method, a metal frame is attached to the form and concrete is poured and finished in a factory atmosphere. The advantage to the pre-cast trench drain is again time savingsig time savings at the job site. Pre-cast trench drains made of a Polymer Concrete are also more sturdy and reliable than cast-in-place trenches. Once a trough is dug, the pre-cast trench sections can be installed and quickly be put into service through numerous methods. A patty method can be used by placing clumps of concrete at each trench drain channel joint and the channels can be levelled and set as such. Further installation methods involve clipping rebar through installation device used with the channel. Concrete will need to be poured to surround the trench drain so that the load can be transferred from the channel and grate to the surrounding areas.
Pre-cast trench drains generally come in 4" widths but can range anywhere from a 1-3/4" slot to 2" wide channels with grates, and up to any size imaginable through custom trench drain divisions. A home owner could consider pre-cast trench for a landscaping project as there are many pre-cast trench drain systems being manufactured specifically for the residential market. A person generally can go to a pre-caster or their distributor and buy 50 feet of trench drain out of the yard; The cost of the material to create the trench drains can be more expensive than simply using cast-in-place systems, however the money saved through installation, maintenance, and longevity heavily outway those costs.
^ www.aco-technologies.com
Linear systems
The popular trend in trench drains are linear systems. Linear as in LINE drain. Made from materials such as polymer concrete, fiberglass, structural plastic and steel, liner systems are the channel and grate components that are assembled in the trench and around which concrete is poured to form a drain system. By themselves, these liner systems do not have the strength and integrity to hold up under the physical requirements needed for the drain. A concrete (or asphalt) drain body is required to encase the channel to give the channel compressive strength and rigidity to ensure the drain will be able to withstand the traffic load it was designed to handle.
External links
Trench Drain
Trench Drain World Leader - USA
Trench Drain World Leader - Canada
Categories: Water streams | Sewerage infrastructureHidden categories: Orphaned articles from March 2008 | All orphaned articles | Articles lacking sources from March 2007 | All articles lacking sources

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