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Over 2000 years of Lottery industry. Part2.

By: Tanya Naum

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In 1763 Spanish lottery El Gordo was founded. It ranges among the long-livers as it still exists.
In 1776 The American Colonial Army started to be completely supported by the funds from the lotteries.
In 1789 there was a peak of activity of lotteries after ratification of the Constitution and it lasted till stiffening of the taxation and wave of anti-lottery reforms.
Before 1790 lotteries were the most wide spread method of private financing in America.
In 1790 50 colleges, 300 schools and two hundred churches were built on income from American lotteries. The most famous university such as Harvard, Yale, Princeton and Columbia were funded by the lotteries.
In 1817 in Low Canada (now Quebec), there was an effort to ban all gambling. But it failed. The society opposed.
In 1820-1878 lottery corruption in USA became unrestrained. Either the prizes were not paid at all or were paid in the amount much less than it had been announced. America realized that she could not regulate lotteries that were emerging every single second. As a result the mayors of the states included the bill banning the lotteries to the agenda.
In 1820-s in New Work the first constitutional prohibition of the lotteries in US was issued.
In 1849 the state lotteries were held in Australia. In 1970 Sydney Opera House was built using one of them.
1856: “Act Concerning Lotteries” banned all the types of lotteries in Canada. This Act in particular affected French and Catholic clergy, for whom lotteries were quite a substantial support.
В 1863 After the union of Italy the first national lottery Lotto was established. Drawing was held once a week and the money went to the treasury.
1878 all the states except Louisiana refused from lotteries. The lottery was organized in 1869 and existed for 25 years.
In 1912 lotteries were allowed at the horse tracks in Canada.
In 1917 Queensland State Lottery came into force in Australia.
1930: Irish lotteries were launched and they were a big success in Canada and America because of the lack of lotteries in these countries. They also included lotteries arranged for the interests of the Irish hospitals.
In 1933 after 100-year ban the lottery in France was retrieved. It was called Loterie natinale. It was stopped only before the start of WORLD WAR II. When the war ended, the lottery proceeded.
In 1964 legislative body of New Hampshire established a state lottery, it related to the totes and was held at the horse tracks to get over 70-year federal anti lottery statute. Lottery became a very profitable business and many states borrowed this idea and implemented it in their states.
In 1967 New York was the second state to renew lotteries.
1969 Amendments made to the Criminal code of Canada legalized gambling and gave an opportunity to use lotteries, build casinos and license charity and religious organizations where gambling can be held according to the rules stipulated by law. A new application of lotteries was found in America. Recruitment of soldiers was done by drawing. Later this system was cancelled and it was replaced by voluntary recruitment in the military ranks.
In 1970 lottery was retrieved in New Jersey. Manitoba and Quebec arranged the first modern Canadian lotteries.
The same year in Soviet Russia there was a lottery trial called “SPORTLOTO”. 49 kinds of sports were given ordinal numbers. 1,5 million sold tickets took part in the drawing. The ball with winning numbers were taken out from the transparent drum after a few rotations.
In 1971 the first completely automatic lottery-tote system was launched in America.
In 1973 a corporation Olympic Lottery was founded in Canada. It was aimed to collect funds for Olympic Games in Montréal in 1976.
Scientific Games Company developed instant lotteries, when you can find out the result of the lottery just scratching away the protection cover.
“ Sporloto 2” soon followed after the first lottery in the Soviet Union. The purchased ticket participated simultaneously in two drawings. Drawing lots were on the same day. Then the organizations applied automatic lottery drums that were used in other countries. Stirring and selecting the ball was done without involving a person. Manipulating such a lottery was quite difficult.
In 1975 advertising of American lotteries in the media, including radio and television was allowed.
Since 1976 Russian could take part in “Saturday Sportloto”, and drawings were held with the help of lottery drums, stirring of the balls was performed with the air stream. Borrowing from Canada the idea of financing sport, all the money was applied for preparation of 1980 Olympics.
In 1985 symbols of Russian lotteries “Sportloto” and “Sprint” were created, the balls from the drums started to roll out one-by-one.
In 1987 a new Russian lottery based on the tote “Sportprognoz”(Sportsforecasting), the participants were offered to guess the results of the matches between the teams.
In 1999 the national lottery of Republic of South Africa was organized.
63 states are members of the World Lottery Association. The list of countries where the state lotteries are held is constantly getting longer and longer.

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